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Relationship between ABO blood groups and malaria

M Gupta, A N Chowdhuri

Bulletin of the World Health Organization

|January 1, 1980

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Malaria infection rates varied significantly by ABO blood group. Group A was more common in malaria patients, while Group O was less common compared to healthy controls.

Area of Science:

Medical Research
Epidemiology
Parasitology

Background:

Malaria remains a significant global health challenge.
Understanding host factors, like blood groups, can offer insights into disease susceptibility.
ABO blood group system is a well-known human polymorphism.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between ABO blood groups and malaria parasitaemia.
To determine if malaria cases exhibit a different blood group distribution compared to the general population.

Main Methods:

A study was conducted on 736 febrile patients tested for malaria.
Parasitaemia was confirmed in 476 patients.
Blood group distribution in malaria cases was compared to 1300 healthy controls from the same geographic area.

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Main Results:

A statistically significant difference in ABO blood group distribution was observed between malaria patients and controls.
Blood group A was found to be more prevalent in patients with malaria.
Blood group O showed a lower prevalence in malaria cases compared to the control group.

Conclusions:

ABO blood groups appear to influence susceptibility to malaria infection.
The observed differences in blood group distribution suggest a potential role in malaria pathogenesis or resistance.