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Chromosome changes in human chronic lymphocytic leukemia

J Schröder, P Vuopio, K Autio

    Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics
    |August 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Chromosomal abnormalities in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) are rare in untreated patients but more common after treatment. Karyotype analysis revealed specific chromosome changes in some treated B-cell CLL patients, while T-cell CLL patients showed normal karyotypes.

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    Area of Science:

    • Hematology
    • Cytogenetics
    • Oncology

    Background:

    • Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a heterogeneous lymphoid malignancy.
    • Karyotype analysis is crucial for understanding the genetic basis of CLL and predicting prognosis.
    • The impact of treatment on chromosomal aberrations in CLL requires further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the frequency and types of karyotypic abnormalities in B-cell and T-cell CLL.
    • To compare chromosomal findings between untreated and treated CLL patients.
    • To identify specific chromosome changes associated with treatment in B-cell CLL.

    Main Methods:

    • Karyotype analysis of B- and T-lymphocyte cultures from 66 B-cell CLL and 2 T-cell CLL patients.
    • Lymphocyte cultures were stimulated with mitogens such as lipopolysaccharide B (LPS), pokeweed mitogen (PWM), leukoagglutinin (LA), and protein A (PA).

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  • Analysis included both clonal and nonclonal chromosome aberrations.

    • Main Results:

    • Only one untreated B-cell CLL patient had an abnormal karyotype (46,XX,t(6;7),t(7;13),t(11;14)).
    • Four treated B-cell CLL patients exhibited specific clonal chromosome changes, including +12, del(14), t(6;20), and t(1;8).
    • Nonclonal chromosome aberrations were observed in a subset of both untreated and treated patients; both T-cell CLL patients had normal karyotypes post-treatment.

    Conclusions:

    • Treatment may induce or select for specific chromosomal abnormalities in B-cell CLL.
    • Karyotype analysis remains a valuable tool for characterizing CLL, especially in treated individuals.
    • T-cell CLL patients, in this cohort, did not present with detectable karyotypic changes after treatment.