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Potency of killed plague vaccines prepared from avirulent Yersinia pestis
Bulletin of the World Health Organization
|January 1, 1980
Abstract:
Killed plague vaccines prepared from avirulent strains A1122 and EV76S of Yersinia pestis were more effective in mouse potency tests than samples of Plague Vaccine, USP, prepared from killed Y. pestis of the virulent strain 195/P. Manufacture of vaccine from avirulent Y. pestis would obviate requirements for the large containment facilities that are currently needed for producing Plague Vaccine, USP.
Insights
New plague vaccines using avirulent Yersinia pestis strains showed higher effectiveness in mouse tests. This approach could eliminate the need for extensive containment facilities required for current plague vaccine production.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Immunology
- Vaccinology
Background:
- Current Plague Vaccine, USP, production relies on virulent Yersinia pestis strains.
- Manufacturing virulent Yersinia pestis vaccines necessitates high-level biocontainment facilities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of killed plague vaccines derived from avirulent Yersinia pestis strains.
- To assess the feasibility of using avirulent strains for plague vaccine production, potentially reducing manufacturing complexities.
Main Methods:
- Comparative mouse potency tests were conducted.
- Vaccines were prepared from avirulent Yersinia pestis strains (A1122 and EV76S) and a virulent strain (195/P).
Main Results:
- Killed plague vaccines from avirulent strains A1122 and EV76S demonstrated superior efficacy in mouse potency tests compared to the vaccine derived from the virulent strain 195/P.
- The avirulent strains proved more effective in eliciting a protective immune response in the mouse model.
Conclusions:
- Vaccines prepared from avirulent Yersinia pestis strains are more effective than those from virulent strains.
- Utilizing avirulent Yersinia pestis for vaccine manufacture offers a potential alternative that bypasses the need for stringent containment infrastructure.