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Vitamin D metabolism in hyperthyroidism

I A MacFarlane, E B Mawer, J Berry

    Clinical Endocrinology
    |July 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Hyperthyroidism alters vitamin D metabolism, decreasing 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol and increasing 24,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol. Thyroid hormone may directly impact vitamin D regulation and bone metabolism.

    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Mineral and Bone Metabolism
    • Vitamin D Metabolism

    Background:

    • Thyroid hormones significantly influence systemic metabolism.
    • Vitamin D metabolites play crucial roles in calcium and phosphate homeostasis.
    • Alterations in vitamin D levels are implicated in various endocrine disorders.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the serum concentrations of key vitamin D metabolites in patients with untreated hyperthyroidism.
    • To determine the effects of hyperthyroidism on 25-hydroxycholecalciferol, 24,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol.
    • To explore the relationship between thyroid hormone levels and vitamin D metabolite concentrations.

    Main Methods:

    • Serum concentrations of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol, 24,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol were measured in 21 hyperthyroid patients and controls.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Vitamin D metabolite levels were reassessed after oral carbimazole therapy.
  • Statistical analysis was performed to compare groups and identify correlations.

    • Main Results:

    • Hyperthyroidism was associated with unchanged 25-hydroxycholecalciferol, increased (though not significantly) 24,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, and decreased 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol.
    • Carbimazole treatment normalized 24,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol and increased 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol levels.
    • Serum 24,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol showed a significant positive correlation with triiodothyronine (T3) levels.

    Conclusions:

    • Hyperthyroidism significantly alters vitamin D metabolism, specifically affecting 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol and 24,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol levels.
    • Thyroid hormone likely influences bone and mineral metabolism, impacting vitamin D hydroxylase enzyme activity.
    • A direct stimulatory effect of T3 on renal 24-hydroxylase activity is suggested by the correlation with 24,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol concentrations.