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Rheumatic diseases in Western Canadian Indian children

A M Rosenberg, R E Petty, K G Oen

    The Journal of Rheumatology
    |July 1, 1982
    PubMed

    Insights

    Rheumatic diseases in North American Indian children differ from Caucasian children, with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) being less common but having distinct characteristics. Seronegative spondyloarthropathies (SSA) prevalence may be linked to HLA-B27.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatrics
    • Rheumatology
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Rheumatic diseases may present differently in North American Indian children due to genetic and environmental factors.
    • Previous research suggests potential variations in the prevalence and characteristics of childhood rheumatic diseases between ethnic groups.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the prevalence and specific characteristics of rheumatic disorders in Western Canadian Indian children.
    • To compare these findings with a cohort of Caucasian children suffering from chronic arthritis.

    Main Methods:

    • A retrospective review of 34 Western Canadian Indian children diagnosed with rheumatic disorders.
    • Comparison with a control group of Caucasian children with chronic arthritis.
    • Analysis of disease prevalence, types, serological markers (rheumatoid factor), and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) associations.

    Main Results:

    • Clinic attendance for rheumatic disorders was higher in Indian children (.059%) than non-Indian children (.034%), though not statistically significant.
    • Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) was less common in Indian children (1.2:1) compared to Caucasian children (5.4:1).
    • Among Indian children with JRA, polyarticular onset, rheumatoid factor positivity, and HLA-AW24 were significantly more prevalent (p < .05).
    • No significant differences were observed in the characteristics of seronegative spondyloarthropathies (SSA) between Indian and Caucasian children.
    • An increased prevalence of HLA-B27 may contribute to the higher relative incidence of SSA in the Indian population.

    Conclusions:

    • Childhood rheumatic diseases, beyond HLA-B27 associated SSA, are frequently observed in North American Indian children.
    • Specific subtypes of JRA exhibit distinct epidemiological and immunological features in the Indian pediatric population.
    • Further research is warranted to elucidate the genetic and environmental factors influencing rheumatic disease presentation in diverse pediatric populations.

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