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Related Experiment Videos

An update on Tourette syndrome

A K Shapiro, E Shapiro

    American Journal of Psychotherapy
    |July 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study reviews tic disorders, including Transient Tic of Childhood, Chronic Motor Tic, and Tourette syndrome. These conditions are believed to share an organic origin and present a spectrum of symptoms and severity.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Psychiatry
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Tic disorders encompass a range of conditions including Transient Tic of Childhood, Chronic Motor Tic, and Tourette syndrome.
    • These disorders are increasingly understood to share a common organic etiology.
    • They represent a spectrum of conditions with varied symptom presentation and severity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To summarize the current understanding of tic disorders.
    • To consolidate findings from a clinical experience with 650 patients and a comprehensive literature review.
    • To provide an overview of demography, clinical characteristics, psychopathology, neuropathology, genetics, neurochemistry, and treatment.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature on tic disorders.
    • Analysis of clinical data from 650 patients.
    • Synthesis of information across multiple domains including etiology, symptoms, and treatment.

    Main Results:

    • Tic disorders are presented as a continuum with shared organic underpinnings.
    • Significant heterogeneity exists in symptoms and severity across the spectrum.
    • Current knowledge on various aspects of tic disorders is summarized.

    Conclusions:

    • Transient Tic of Childhood, Chronic Motor Tic, and Tourette syndrome are viewed as related conditions on a spectrum.
    • Understanding the demography, psychopathology, genetics, and neurochemistry is crucial for comprehensive management.
    • Further research into the organic etiology and neurobiological underpinnings is warranted.

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