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Abstract:
Fourteen cases of splenic abscess are reported and 159 cases previously cited in the literature are reviewed. The incidence, predisposing factors, pathogenesis, clinical features, bacteriology and radiologic findings are discussed. Infective endocarditis was the most common single antecedent infection. Hemoglobinopathies, non-penetrating abdominal trauma, and gastrointestinal malignancy appear to predispose the spleen to abscess formation. Emphasis is placed on clinical features and radiologic findings to aid practitioners in diagnosing this uncommon but often fatal infection. Also emphasized is the necessity for prompt surgical intervention when splenic abscess is suspected. An approach to the antimicrobial therapy in different clinical settings is outlined.
Insights
Splenic abscess is a rare but serious infection. Early diagnosis through clinical and radiologic findings, alongside prompt surgical treatment, is crucial for patient survival.
Area of Science:
- Medicine
- Infectious Diseases
- Surgical Pathology
Background:
- Splenic abscess is an uncommon condition with significant mortality.
- Review of 14 new and 159 prior cases to understand incidence and risk factors.
Observation:
- Infective endocarditis is the most common preceding infection.
- Hemoglobinopathies, abdominal trauma, and GI malignancy are predisposing factors.
Findings:
- Clinical presentation and radiologic findings are key for diagnosis.
- Prompt surgical intervention is essential for suspected splenic abscess.
Implications:
- Highlights the importance of early recognition and management of splenic abscess.
- Provides guidance on antimicrobial therapy in various clinical scenarios.