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Technique for determining total bacterial virus counts in complex aqueous systems

D L Ewert, M J Paynter

    Applied and Environmental Microbiology
    |January 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study introduces a direct method for measuring bacteriophage concentrations in water. The optimized sedimentation assay quantifies total phages without needing a bacterial host, detecting as few as 10(4) phages/ml.

    Area of Science:

    • Environmental microbiology
    • Virology
    • Analytical chemistry

    Background:

    • Bacteriophages are crucial in aquatic ecosystems and wastewater treatment.
    • Accurate quantification of bacteriophages is essential for environmental monitoring.
    • Existing methods like plaque assays have limitations in complex samples.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a direct, sensitive method for measuring bacteriophage concentrations in complex aqueous systems.
    • To optimize sample clarification, phage recognition, and recovery for accurate quantification.
    • To enable bacteriophage enumeration independent of bacterial host presence.

    Main Methods:

    • Optimization of sample clarification techniques for aqueous matrices.
    • Development of phage recognition and recovery protocols.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Adaptation and enhancement of the sedimentation assay for increased sensitivity.
  • Direct enumeration of bacteriophage particles.

    • Main Results:

    • A direct method for bacteriophage quantification in complex aqueous systems was established.
    • The optimized method achieved a minimum detection limit of 10(4) phages per ml.
    • Maximal phage concentrations measured were 1.3 x 10(6) phages/ml in sewage and 4.3 x 10(7) phages/ml in activated sludge.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed direct method offers a sensitive alternative to plaque assays for bacteriophage enumeration.
    • This technique allows for total phage quantification irrespective of host bacteria presence.
    • The method is applicable to complex environmental samples like sewage and activated sludge.