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Antigenuria in St. Louis encephalitis

J P Luby, F K Murphy, J N Gilliam

    The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
    |March 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary

    St. Louis encephalitis patients can exhibit urinary tract symptoms. Viral antigen was detected in urine, suggesting a potential for rapid diagnostic tests.

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    Area of Science:

    • Virology
    • Neurology
    • Urology

    Background:

    • St. Louis encephalitis (SLE) can present with urinary tract symptoms, particularly with central nervous system involvement.
    • The pathophysiology linking SLE to lower urinary tract symptoms remains unclear.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the presence of viral antigen in the urine (antigenuria) of patients with St. Louis encephalitis.
    • To explore the potential of antigenuria as a diagnostic marker for SLE.

    Main Methods:

    • Study included 12 patients diagnosed with St. Louis encephalitis in 1976 and a control group.
    • Indirect immunofluorescence, electron microscopy, and immune electron microscopy were used to detect viral antigen in urine samples.
    • Standard virus isolation attempts were performed but yielded negative results.

    Main Results:

    • Viral antigen was successfully demonstrated in the urine of SLE patients using immunofluorescence and electron microscopy techniques.
    • Despite negative virus isolation, the presence of viral antigen in urine was confirmed.

    Conclusions:

    • Antigenuria is a demonstrable phenomenon in St. Louis encephalitis patients.
    • Further research into SLE antigenuria is warranted to understand lower urinary tract symptom mechanisms and explore its diagnostic utility.

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