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Lymphocyte recirculation in the sheep fetus

R N Cahill, I Heron, D C Poskitt

    Ciba Foundation Symposium
    |January 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Thymic export in aged sheep: a continuous role for the thymus throughout pre- and postnatal life.

    European journal of immunology·2001

    Fetal lamb lymphocytes, including thymus-derived and surface Ig-bearing cells, show exponential growth and long lifespans. Lymphocyte recirculation pathways develop physiologically in fetuses, independent of antigen exposure.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Developmental Biology
    • Fetal Physiology

    Background:

    • Circulating lymphocyte populations, specifically thymus-derived and surface Ig-bearing lymphocytes, increase exponentially in fetal lambs during late gestation.
    • Studies using [3H]thymidine infusion indicate these fetal lymphocytes possess long lifespans within the fetus.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare lymphocyte migration patterns between fetal lambs and adult sheep.
    • To investigate the development of lymphocyte recirculation pathways in the absence of antigenic stimulation.

    Main Methods:

    • Continuous infusion of [3H]thymidine into fetal lambs to assess lymphocyte lifespan.
    • Comparison of 51Cr-labelled autologous lymphocyte migration from lymph nodes in fetal lambs and adult sheep.
    • Analysis of lymphocyte distribution to organs like the lungs, liver, spleen, and lymph nodes.

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    Main Results:

    • Fetal lambs exhibit exponential increases in circulating thymus-derived and surface Ig-bearing lymphocytes.
    • Lymphocytes are long-lived in the fetal lamb.
    • Distinct differences in lymphocyte migration to the lungs and liver were observed between fetal and adult sheep.
    • A specific subpopulation of thymus-derived lymphocytes found in adult intestinal lymph, with preferential migration to the small intestine, was absent in fetal intestinal lymph.
    • Lymphocyte circulation through the spleen and lymph nodes was more intense in fetal lambs than in adults.

    Conclusions:

    • Lymphocyte recirculation pathways and the capacity for recirculation are established as physiological processes in fetal lambs, irrespective of exposure to antigens or the presence of circulating antibodies.
    • The fetal immune system demonstrates intrinsic mechanisms for lymphocyte trafficking prior to encountering external antigens.