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A new, sensitive and simple bioluminescence test for mutagenic compounds

S Ulitzur, I Weiser, S Yannai

    Mutation Research
    |April 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary

    A novel dark variant of Photobacterium leiognathi bacteria can detect mutagenic compounds at 100x lower concentrations than the Ames Test. This sensitive luminescence system offers a new tool for identifying chemical mutagens.

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    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Bacteriology
    • Biotechnology

    Background:

    • Luminous bacteria like Photobacterium leiognathi are valuable tools in biological research.
    • Spontaneous mutations can lead to loss of luminescence, creating dark variants.
    • Detecting mutagens typically relies on established assays like the Ames Test.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To isolate and characterize a spontaneous dark variant of Photobacterium leiognathi.
    • To evaluate the sensitivity of this dark variant for detecting mutagenic compounds.
    • To explore the potential of this luminescence system for carcinogen detection.

    Main Methods:

    • Isolation of a spontaneous dark variant of Photobacterium leiognathi.
    • Exposure of the dark variant to various base-substitution and frameshift mutagens.

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  • Quantification of reversion frequency to the luminous state.
  • Comparison of detection limits with the Ames Test.

    • Main Results:

    • The dark variant showed a greatly increased reversion frequency when exposed to nanogram quantities of mutagens.
    • This system detected mutagenic compounds at concentrations 100 times lower than the Ames Test.
    • Curing agents induced reversion to a luminous state but not a genetic-hereditary luminescent type.

    Conclusions:

    • The Photobacterium leiognathi dark variant offers a highly sensitive bioassay for detecting mutagens.
    • This luminescence-based system has potential for identifying carcinogenic chemicals.
    • Further research is needed to elucidate the primary mutation and optimize the system.