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Evidence for an immunological relationship between Streptococcus mutans and human cardiac tissue
Infection and Immunity
|February 1, 1980
Summary
Immunization with Streptococcus mutans can trigger autoimmune reactions, as antibodies cross-react with human cardiac tissue, potentially causing myocarditis. Careful selection of antigens is crucial for developing a safe dental caries vaccine.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Microbiology
- Cardiology
Background:
- Streptococcus mutans is a key etiological agent in dental caries.
- Autoimmune reactions following bacterial infections are a growing concern.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the potential for Streptococcus mutans antigens to cross-react with human cardiac tissue.
- To assess the immunogenicity of S. mutans antigens and their role in autoimmune responses.
Main Methods:
- Utilized two-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis, indirect immunofluorescence, and radioimmunoassay.
- Immunized rabbits with Streptococcus mutans strains and human heart antigen.
- Analyzed cross-reactivity and induced myocarditis.
Main Results:
- Antisera from S. mutans-immunized rabbits showed cross-reactivity with human cardiac tissue.
- Cross-reactivity was linked to specific antigens (ID, IF, HL) of S. mutans.
- Myocarditis and anaphylactic deaths were observed in immunized rabbits, indicating autoimmune potential.
Conclusions:
- Findings support the hypothesis that S. mutans immunization can induce autoimmune reactions.
- Antigens ID and IF are major immunogens, while HL requires hyperimmunization.
- Caution is advised in selecting antigens for dental caries vaccines to prevent adverse autoimmune effects.