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[Experience in using the indirect hemagglutination test to detect Shigella Sonnei in market milk]
Abstract:
The results obtained by analyzing 231 samples of market milk during the period of 1977-1978 are presented. The microbial index, E. coli titer, the presence of pathogenic and opportunistic microflora, as well as the presence of Sh. sonnei antigen were determined. In 39.3% of the milk samples the microbial index was found to be 4 x 10(6), and E. coli titer was 0.001 and lower. No pathogenic microflora was detected in bacteriological assays, but the indirect hemagglutination test with the use of diagnostic antibody reagent revealed the presence of Sh. sonnei antigen in 12 samples. The examination of 28 members of the families which had supplied this milk to the market revealed 3 cases of dysentery infection. The authors propose to widely use the indirect hemagglutination test with diagnostic antibody reagent as an express method for the detection of Sh. sonnei in milk.
Insights
Market milk analysis revealed high microbial counts and E. coli titers. While no pathogenic bacteria were found, Shigella sonnei antigen was detected, prompting recommendations for improved testing methods.
Area of Science:
- Food Microbiology
- Public Health Bacteriology
Background:
- Market milk safety is crucial for public health.
- Assessing microbial contamination and specific pathogens in milk is essential for consumer protection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the microbiological quality of market milk from 1977-1978.
- To detect the presence of pathogenic microorganisms, including Shigella sonnei, in milk samples.
- To assess the efficacy of the indirect hemagglutination test for Sh. sonnei detection.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of 231 market milk samples for microbial index and E. coli titer.
- Bacteriological assays for pathogenic and opportunistic microflora.
- Indirect hemagglutination test using a diagnostic antibody reagent to detect Sh. sonnei antigen.
- Epidemiological examination of milk suppliers' families for dysentery infection.
Main Results:
- 39.3% of milk samples exceeded acceptable microbial limits (4 x 10^6 CFU/mL) with low E. coli titers (≤0.001).
- No pathogenic microflora was identified through standard bacteriological methods.
- Shigella sonnei antigen was detected in 12 milk samples using the indirect hemagglutination test.
- Dysentery infection was confirmed in 3 out of 28 individuals from families supplying the contaminated milk.
Conclusions:
- The indirect hemagglutination test is a valuable express method for detecting Shigella sonnei in milk.
- Market milk can harbor Sh. sonnei antigen, posing a potential public health risk.
- Routine microbiological analysis should be complemented by sensitive methods for pathogen detection.