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Central oscillators responsible for sympathetic nerve discharge

The American Journal of Physiology

|August 1, 1980

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Central nervous system networks, not external inputs, generate sympathetic nerve rhythms. These intrinsic rhythms are synchronized by external signals like baroreceptors, highlighting central oscillators

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Autonomic Nervous System Physiology
Central Nervous System Control

Background:

The traditional view posited external inputs imposing rhythms on a random central network for sympathetic nerve discharge.
Recent research challenges this model, suggesting intrinsic rhythm generation within the central nervous system.
Understanding these central mechanisms is crucial for comprehending autonomic regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the current understanding of central mechanisms generating background sympathetic nerve discharges.
To evaluate the validity of the classic model versus inherent rhythm generation.
To discuss the role of central oscillators and extrinsic inputs in sympathetic rhythmicity.

Main Methods:

Review and synthesis of recent neurophysiological investigations.

Related Experiment Videos

Analysis of evidence supporting inherent rhythm generation in central networks.

Discussion of theoretical frameworks for central oscillators.

Main Results:

Evidence indicates that brain stem and spinal networks possess inherent rhythm-generating capabilities for sympathetic nerve discharge.
Sympathetic nerve rhythms originate intrinsically within the central nervous system, mediated by neuronal circuits capable of oscillatory activity.
Extrinsic inputs, such as baroreceptor signals, primarily function to entrain these centrally generated rhythms rather than create them.

Conclusions:

The classic model of extrinsic rhythm imposition is outdated; central networks intrinsically generate sympathetic nerve rhythms.
Central oscillators are key to synchronizing sympathetic neuronal activity.
Further research is needed to identify the specific neuronal types constituting these central oscillators.