A review of vascular anastomosis with mechanical aids and nonsuture techniques

Devices and techniques for nonsuture vascular anastomosis and for suture anastomosis with minimum blood flow interruption are reviewed from their beginnings in the late 19th century through the development of microvascular surgery in the 20th century. The various devices that have been invented fall into 3 basic categories: butt, flanged, and lapped joints. Although the development of microsurgical instruments and the improvement of suture materials have diminished the use of such mechanical aids in recent years, it is hoped that this historical overview will be of interest to investigators involved in the surgery of vessels of various calibers.