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Cortisol production in obesity

G W Strain, B Zumoff, J J Strain

Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental

|October 1, 1980

Summary

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Cortisol production increases with body weight due to greater lean mass, not obesity. Cortisol production per gram of lean body mass remains constant across different weights in both men and women.

Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Metabolic Research
Human Physiology

Background:

Cortisol production regulation is complex and influenced by various factors.
Obesity is associated with altered metabolic processes, but its effect on cortisol production is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between body weight, lean body mass, and absolute cortisol production in healthy men and women.
To determine if cortisol production per unit of lean body mass is affected by body weight or obesity.

Main Methods:

Absolute cortisol production was measured using isotope dilution and urinary tetrahydro metabolite excretion.
Urinary creatinine excretion was used as a proxy for lean body mass.
Data were analyzed for correlations with relative weight (percent deviation from desirable weight).

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Main Results:

Absolute cortisol production and urinary creatinine excretion both positively correlated with relative weight in men and women.
Cortisol production per gram of urinary creatinine was weight-invariant in both sexes.
No statistically significant differences in cortisol production per gram of creatinine were found between men and women.

Conclusions:

The increase in absolute cortisol production with increasing body weight is attributed to greater lean body mass, not obesity itself.
Cortisol production per unit of lean body mass is weight-invariant, suggesting no functionally significant elevation in obese individuals.
Standardizing cortisol production measurements by lean body mass (using urinary creatinine) is recommended to control for body size and obesity in comparative studies.