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The development of haemoglobin preparations for various indications
The investigational concepts and experimental results of several research groups cooperating on haemoglobin solutions are reviewed over a ten years' period of time. Starting with solutions of stroma-cleared, nearly unaltered human erythrocyte haemoglobin they recognized the disadvantages of a high oxygen affinity, on one hand, and a short intravascular half-life on the other. The former drawback was first compensated by attempts to raise the 2,3-diphospho-glycerate level (Hb-DPG). Later on, better results were achieved by chemical modification of the free haemoglobin with pyrodixal-phospate. This type of pyridoxal-phosphate modified haemoglobin (HbPP) gained particular interest for myocardial perfusion. In order to prolong the intravascular efficiency of preparations to be infused into the central circulation, the pyridoxal-phosphate modified haemoglobin molecules were increased in size by intermolecular cross-linkage (HbHbPP). Possible clinical applications are argued of either type, HbPP and HbHbPP, respectively.
The investigational concepts and experimental results of several research groups cooperating on haemoglobin solutions are reviewed over a ten years' period of time. Starting with solutions of stroma-cleared, nearly unaltered human erythrocyte haemoglobin they recognized the disadvantages of a high oxygen affinity, on one hand, and a short intravascular half-life on the other. The former drawback was first compensated by attempts to raise the 2,3-diphospho-glycerate level (Hb-DPG). Later on, better results were achieved by chemical modification of the free haemoglobin with pyrodixal-phospate. This type of pyridoxal-phosphate modified haemoglobin (HbPP) gained particular interest for myocardial perfusion. In order to prolong the intravascular efficiency of preparations to be infused into the central circulation, the pyridoxal-phosphate modified haemoglobin molecules were increased in size by intermolecular cross-linkage (HbHbPP). Possible clinical applications are argued of either type, HbPP and HbHbPP, respectively.