Biologically active polypeptides in submandibular glands

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Endocrinology
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• Kallikreins were discovered in submandibular glands in 1963.
• Numerous biologically active polypeptides are found in submandibular glands across species.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review data on 25 biologically active factors in mouse submandibular glands.
• To analyze their occurrence, properties, localization, hormonal control, synthesis, secretion, and physiological roles.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of available data.
• Analysis of occurrence, chemical properties, localization, hormonal control, synthesis, secretion, and physiological roles.
• Focus on 25 biologically active factors in mouse submandibular gland.

Main Results:

• The 25 factors are generally androgen-dependent but sex genotype-independent.
• These factors are localized in the granular convoluted tubule cells.
• They are secreted into saliva and also found in circulation.

Conclusions:

• Mouse submandibular gland factors are primarily androgen-dependent.
• Their precise physiological functions remain largely undetermined.