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Related Experiment Videos

Dipivefrin: current concepts

I Goldberg, A E Kolker, M A Kass

    Australian Journal of Ophthalmology
    |May 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Dipivefrin, an epinephrine pro-drug, effectively lowers intraocular pressure (IOP) with fewer side effects than epinephrine. It is a safe alternative for patients unable to tolerate standard epinephrine treatments.

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    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Pharmacology
    • Drug Development

    Background:

    • Pro-drugs require biotransformation for pharmacologic activity.
    • Dipivefrin (dipivalyl epinephrine or DPE) is a lipophilic pro-drug of epinephrine.
    • Enhanced corneal penetration compared to epinephrine.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate dipivefrin as a pro-drug for topical ocular use.
    • To compare the efficacy and side effect profile of dipivefrin with epinephrine.
    • To determine dipivefrin's utility in managing elevated intraocular pressure (IOP).

    Main Methods:

    • Topical application of dipivefrin to ocular tissues.
    • Enzymatic conversion of dipivefrin to active epinephrine within ocular tissues.
    • Comparison of intraocular epinephrine concentrations, IOP reduction, and mydriasis with epinephrine.

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    Main Results:

    • Dipivefrin achieves similar intraocular epinephrine concentrations and IOP reduction as epinephrine at lower doses.
    • Dipivefrin demonstrates similar mydriasis effects but with fewer systemic and extraocular side effects.
    • Risk of cystoid macular edema with dipivefrin is comparable to epinephrine.

    Conclusions:

    • Dipivefrin is a safe and effective alternative to epinephrine for treating elevated IOP.
    • Dipivefrin is well-tolerated and particularly beneficial for patients intolerant to epinephrine.
    • Caution advised when using dipivefrin with anticholinesterases.