Structural studies of the assembly of simple viruses

The principles of structural design and the bonding properties of structural proteins form a basis for the study of virus assembly. Virus coat proteins are designed specifically to interact with one another and with the viral nucleic acid to form a stable virus particle. The process of assembly is controlled by the switching of protein subunit conformation, which can alter the binding properties of the subunits. The self-assembly processes of several simple viruses in vitro have significantly different rates of assembly and specificities for their viral nucleic acid. It is possible that many viruses have multiple pathways for assembly, each pathway exhibiting somewhat different characteristics but all resulting in identical infectious virus particles.