Dermal copper drugs: the copper bracelet and cu(II) salicylate complexes

A review is presented of both published work and unpublished observations concerned with: a) the 'efficacy' of copper bracelets for arthritis; b) the bio-reactivity of metallic copper (especially with human sweat); c) permeation of the skin by Cu(II) when complexed with certain ligands (such as salicylates); d) the pharmacological and clinical activity of AlcusalR and DermcusalR, two formulations of copper salicylate with ethanol and dimethyl sulphoxide respectively that can be applied to the skin. Topical application promises to be a superior alternative to orally ingested drugs.