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Hematologic alterations in diabetes mellitus

R L Jones, C M Peterson

    The American Journal of Medicine
    |February 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Diabetes mellitus causes various hematologic abnormalities, including altered red blood cells and white blood cells. Many of these changes in blood cells are reversible with improved glucose control.

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    Area of Science:

    • Hematology
    • Endocrinology
    • Diabetology

    Background:

    • Diabetes mellitus is associated with hematologic abnormalities despite a lack of classic pathologic findings.
    • Hemoglobin A1c studies document glycemia and serve as a model for diabetic sequelae.
    • Erythrocyte oxygen affinity and red cell membrane viscosity are altered in diabetic patients.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review hematologic abnormalities in patients with diabetes mellitus.
    • To discuss the functional and metabolic changes in various blood cell types.
    • To explore the potential clinical significance and reversibility of these hematologic alterations.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of studies on erythrocyte, polymorphonuclear leukocyte, lymphocyte, and platelet function in diabetes.

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  • Analysis of research on coagulation and fluid phase abnormalities.
  • Examination of in vitro and in vivo findings related to diabetic hematology.

    • Main Results:

    • Diabetic erythrocytes exhibit abnormal oxygen affinity and increased membrane viscosity.
    • Polymorphonuclear leukocytes and lymphocytes show functional and metabolic abnormalities.
    • Platelet behavior and coagulation present a hypercoagulable state, though in vivo significance is debated.

    Conclusions:

    • Diabetes mellitus induces diverse hematologic abnormalities affecting multiple cell types.
    • Many observed hematologic changes are reversible upon correction of hyperglycemia.
    • These findings underscore the importance of glucose control in managing diabetic complications.