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Related Experiment Videos

Inner ear damage induced by bacterial endotoxin

Y Nakai, A Morimoto, K C Chang

    Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology
    |January 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Repeated endotoxin lipopolysaccharide injections caused inner ear damage in mice, affecting hearing and balance organs. This suggests the Shwartzman reaction may cause unexplained deafness and equilibrium disturbances.

    Area of Science:

    • Ototoxicology
    • Immunology
    • Neuroscience

    Background:

    • Endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from E. coli is a potent immune stimulant.
    • Inner ear damage can lead to hearing loss and balance disorders.
    • The etiology of some inner ear dysfunctions remains unknown.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of repeated endotoxin lipopolysaccharide injections on the inner ear structure in mice.
    • To explore the potential role of the Shwartzman reaction in inner ear pathologies.

    Main Methods:

    • Mice were administered repeated intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of endotoxin lipopolysaccharide from E. coli at specific intervals.
    • Histopathological examination of the cochlea (organ of Corti, stria vascularis) and vestibular organs (crista ampullaris, macula) was performed.

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    Main Results:

    • Significant degeneration and loss of inner and outer hair cells in the cochlea's lower turn, with nerve fiber loss.
    • Milder degenerative changes in the upper cochlear turn.
    • Alterations in the stria vascularis, including enlarged intercellular spaces and cell degeneration.
    • Degeneration and loss of sensory cells (Types I and II) in the vestibular organs.
    • Changes in dark cells suggesting altered endolymph composition.

    Conclusions:

    • Repeated endotoxin lipopolysaccharide administration induces significant pathological changes in the mouse inner ear.
    • These findings implicate the Shwartzman reaction as a potential cause of inner ear deafness and equilibrium disturbances of currently unknown etiology.