Respiratory failure due to Strongyloides stercoralis in a patient with a renal transplant

We report a case of respiratory failure caused by Strongyloides stercoralis in a patient with a renal transplant; the respiratory failure showed dramatic response to therapy with thiabendazole. The clinical aspects of infestation with S stercoralis in the immunocompromised host are discussed, and features are demonstrated which may have significant implications concerning primary treatment and prophylaxis.