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Quantitative in vitro assay for "corncob" formation

P Lancy, B Appelbaum, S C Holt

    Infection and Immunity
    |August 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Bacterionema matruchotii and Streptococcus sanguis form corncob-like structures. Specific surface "fuzz" on S. sanguis serotype 1 strains mediates this bacterial interaction, influenced by divalent cations.

    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Bacterial Interactions
    • Surface Chemistry

    Background:

    • Bacterionema matruchotii and Streptococcus sanguis form unique "corncob" structures.
    • Understanding the specific bacterial surface components driving this interaction is crucial.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a quantitative assay to identify bacterial surface receptors involved in "corncob" formation.
    • To investigate the role of cations in mediating the interaction between B. matruchotii and S. sanguis.

    Main Methods:

    • A quantitative assay was developed using [CH(3)-(3)H]thymidine-labeled S. sanguis and B. matruchotii.
    • Bacterial mixtures were incubated, filtered, and radioactivity quantified to measure "corncob" formation.
    • Scanning and transmission electron microscopy were used to visualize bacterial attachment.

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    Main Results:

    • A 2:1 ratio of S. sanguis to B. matruchotii (Klett units) provided optimal assay sensitivity.
    • 18.6% +/- 8.1% of S. sanguis bound to B. matruchotii.
    • Only S. sanguis serotype 1 strains, possessing surface "fuzz," exhibited significant binding.
    • Divalent cations (Ca2+) appeared to enhance binding, while Mg2+, EDTA, and citrate inhibited it.

    Conclusions:

    • The surface "fuzz" on S. sanguis serotype 1 is essential for binding to B. matruchotii.
    • Divalent cations likely play a significant role in mediating this specific bacterial adhesion process.