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Related Concept Videos

Replication in Prokaryotes02:35

Replication in Prokaryotes

Overview
Replication in Prokaryotes02:35

Replication in Prokaryotes

Overview
The DNA Replication Fork01:02

The DNA Replication Fork

An organism’s genome needs to be duplicated in an efficient and error-free manner for its growth and survival. The replication fork is a Y-shaped active region where two strands of DNA are separated and replicated continuously. The coupling of DNA unzipping and complementary strand synthesis is a characteristic feature of a replication fork.   Organisms with small circular DNA, such as E. coli, often have a single origin of replication; therefore, they have only two replication forks, one in...
Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
Restarting Stalled Replication Forks02:37

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks

DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart, a...
Replication in Prokaryotes01:32

Replication in Prokaryotes

DNA replication has three main steps: initiation, elongation, and termination. Replication in prokaryotes begins when initiator proteins bind to the single origin of replication (ori) on the cell's circular chromosome. Replication then proceeds around the entire circle of the chromosome in each direction from the two replication forks, resulting in two DNA molecules.
Many Proteins Work Together to Replicate the Chromosome
Replication is coordinated and carried out by a host of specialized...

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Mechanistic aspects of DnaA-RepA interaction as revealed by yeast forward and reverse two-hybrid analysis.

The EMBO journal·2001
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Mechanism of termination of DNA replication of Escherichia coli involves helicase-contrahelicase interaction.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2001
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A single domain of the replication termination protein of Bacillus subtilis is involved in arresting both DnaB helicase and RNA polymerase.

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Structural and functional analysis of a bipolar replication terminus. Implications for the origin of polarity of fork arrest.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Direct Restart of a Replication Fork Stalled by a Head-On RNA Polymerase
07:27

Direct Restart of a Replication Fork Stalled by a Head-On RNA Polymerase

Published on: April 30, 2010

Termination of DNA replication in vitro at a sequence-specific replication terminus

J Germino, D Bastia

    Cell
    |March 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    The R6K plasmid replication terminus halts DNA replication forks in vitro, similar to in vivo processes. This termination does not require membrane association or plasmid-encoded factors, suggesting host chromosome involvement.

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    Published on: March 22, 2018

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    Last Updated: May 11, 2026

    Direct Restart of a Replication Fork Stalled by a Head-On RNA Polymerase
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    Published on: April 30, 2010

    Visualization of DNA Replication in the Vertebrate Model System DT40 using the DNA Fiber Technique
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    Published on: October 27, 2011

    G2-seq: A High Throughput Sequencing-based Technique for Identifying Late Replicating Regions of the Genome
    06:40

    G2-seq: A High Throughput Sequencing-based Technique for Identifying Late Replicating Regions of the Genome

    Published on: March 22, 2018

    Area of Science:

    • Molecular Biology
    • Genetics
    • Microbiology

    Background:

    • The replication terminus of the R6K drug resistance factor plays a crucial role in DNA replication termination.
    • Understanding replication termination mechanisms is vital for comprehending genome stability and drug resistance.
    • Plasmid vectors like pBR313 and pBR322 are commonly used for cloning and studying bacterial DNA elements.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the in vitro activity of the R6K replication terminus.
    • To determine if the terminus requires specific cellular components or conditions for function.
    • To elucidate the mechanism of replication fork arrest mediated by the R6K terminus.

    Main Methods:

    • Cloning the R6K replication terminus into pBR313 and pBR322 plasmid vectors.
    • Performing in vitro DNA replication assays using Escherichia coli cell extracts.
    • Analyzing the position of replication fork arrest relative to the terminator sequence.

    Main Results:

    • The cloned R6K replication terminus successfully arrested unidirectional replication forks in vitro.
    • The arrest site shifted correspondingly when the terminator's position relative to the origin was altered.
    • Replication termination occurred in vitro irrespective of whether the E. coli extracts contained a resident terminus-containing plasmid.

    Conclusions:

    • In vitro replication termination closely mimics in vivo processes.
    • Membrane association is not essential for the R6K replication terminus activity.
    • The terminus sequence itself does not encode a transacting factor; such factors are likely encoded by the host chromosome.