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Carcinogenicity of picloram

M D Reuber

    Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health
    |February 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    The herbicide picloram significantly increases cancer risk in rats and mice. Studies revealed higher rates of malignant neoplasms, particularly in endocrine organs, liver, and reproductive systems, alongside toxic effects.

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    Area of Science:

    • Toxicology
    • Carcinogenesis
    • Environmental Health

    Background:

    • Picloram is a widely used herbicide.
    • Concerns exist regarding its potential health effects, specifically carcinogenicity.
    • Animal studies are crucial for assessing herbicide safety.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review and analyze the carcinogenicity of picloram in animal models.
    • To identify specific types and locations of neoplasms induced by picloram.
    • To document toxicological changes associated with picloram exposure.

    Main Methods:

    • Histological examination of tissues from rats and mice exposed to picloram.
    • Analysis of data from National Cancer Institute (NCI) rat and mouse carcinogenicity studies.
    • Dose-response assessment for picloram exposure.

    Main Results:

    • Picloram demonstrated high carcinogenicity in both rats and mice.
    • Increased incidence of neoplasms, including malignant carcinomas and sarcomas, observed at multiple sites in rats.
    • Specific increases in endocrine organ tumors (adrenal, thyroid, pituitary), liver, and female reproductive organs noted in rats. Spleen neoplasms in mice.
    • Toxic effects included chronic renal disease, parathyroid hyperplasia, polyarteritis, and testicular atrophy in male rats and mice.

    Conclusions:

    • Picloram poses a significant carcinogenic risk to rodents.
    • Exposure to picloram is associated with a broad spectrum of neoplasms and toxicological damage.
    • Further research and regulatory assessment are warranted based on these findings.

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