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Corneal donor material selection

M D Wagoner, C H Dohlman, D M Albert

    Ophthalmology
    |February 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Corneal transplants from donors with cancer showed no increased cancer risk in recipients. However, donors with neurological diseases of suspected viral cause should be excluded due to insufficient safety data.

    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Transplantation Immunology
    • Oncology
    • Neurology

    Background:

    • Corneal transplantation is a common procedure to restore vision.
    • Concerns exist regarding the safety of using donor corneas from individuals with systemic malignancies or neurological diseases.
    • Long-term data on the outcomes of corneal grafts from such donors are limited.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of corneal grafts from donors who died of systemic malignancy.
    • To assess the risk of disease transmission, specifically malignancy or neurological disorders, to recipients.
    • To determine the safety of using corneal tissue from donors with neurological diseases of suspected viral etiology.

    Main Methods:

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  • Retrospective analysis of 73 patients receiving 86 corneal grafts from donors with systemic malignancies.
  • Long-term follow-up (mean 127 months) for recipients of malignancy-donor grafts.
  • Case history review of six patients receiving grafts from donors with neurological disease of suspected viral etiology.
  • Follow-up period for neurological disease recipients ranged from 120 to 174 months.

    • Main Results:

    • No evidence of malignancy transmission from donors to recipients.
    • No increased incidence of malignancy or earlier mortality in recipients compared to a reference population.
    • No graft infections, endophthalmitis, or local tumor growth observed in the malignancy-donor group.
    • No neurological disease developed in recipients of grafts from donors with neurological disease of suspected viral etiology.

    Conclusions:

    • There is currently no basis for excluding donors dying of systemic malignancy for keratoplasty.
    • The use of corneal tissue from donors with neurological diseases of suspected viral etiology should be strongly avoided due to insufficient safety data and potential risks.