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Dibromochloropropane (DBCP): a review

H Babich, D L Davis, G Stotzky

The Science of the Total Environment

|March 1, 1981

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Dibromochloropropane (DBCP), an agricultural nematicide, caused male sterility and tumors in animal studies. Human exposure led to reproductive harm, prompting regulatory restrictions and bans on its use.

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Area of Science:

Environmental Toxicology
Reproductive Toxicology
Occupational Health

Background:

Dibromochloropropane (DBCP) is a persistent, lipophilic organochlorine pesticide used in agriculture since 1955.
US production reached 25 million lbs by 1975, indicating widespread agricultural application.
Early studies (1960s) linked DBCP to adverse effects in laboratory animals.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the toxicological effects of DBCP exposure.
To assess the reproductive health impacts on agricultural workers handling DBCP.
To evaluate the environmental contamination by DBCP.

Main Methods:

Review of existing toxicological studies on laboratory animals.
Epidemiological surveys of chemical plant employees exposed to DBCP.

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Analysis of environmental samples (edible crops, well water) for DBCP presence.

Main Results:

DBCP exposure in animals caused decreased sperm mobility, disturbed estrous cycles, reduced phagocytosis, and induced tumors.
Human workers exposed to DBCP exhibited azoospermia or oligospermia.
DBCP was detected in edible crops and well water, indicating environmental persistence and contamination.

Conclusions:

DBCP poses significant reproductive and carcinogenic risks to both humans and animals.
Environmental contamination by DBCP necessitates strict regulatory control.
Regulatory agencies (OSHA, EPA) implemented restrictions and bans on DBCP use due to its severe health and environmental impacts.