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Related Experiment Videos

Rapid maxillary expansion and external root resorption in man: a scanning electron microscope study

A F Barber, M R Sims

    American Journal of Orthodontics
    |June 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Rapid maxillary expansion can cause root resorption on anchor teeth, primarily on the buccal surface. Tooth movement and retention duration influence resorption extent, with repair occurring but not always fully integrating periodontal fibers.

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    Area of Science:

    • Orthodontics
    • Dental Morphology
    • Biomaterials Science

    Background:

    • Rapid maxillary expansion (RME) is a common orthodontic procedure.
    • Understanding its effects on tooth root structure is crucial for patient safety.
    • Previous studies have not fully detailed the microscopic changes in root resorption and repair during RME.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of RME on the external root structure of maxillary first premolars.
    • To analyze the processes of root resorption and subsequent remineralization at a microscopic level.
    • To compare root changes in appliance-attached versus unattached teeth.

    Main Methods:

    • Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to examine the root surfaces of maxillary first premolars from nine patients.

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  • Thirteen appliance-attached and five unattached premolars were analyzed.
  • Teeth were categorized based on extraction time relative to RME and retention duration.

    • Main Results:

    • All appliance-attached premolars showed root resorption, predominantly on the buccal surface.
    • Resorption extent correlated with the duration of fixed retention.
    • Unattached maxillary and opposing mandibular premolars exhibited no resorption.
    • Active resorption was followed by repair, characterized by cellular cementum deposition, but with limited periodontal fiber reattachment.
    • SEM findings of root resorption were not detectable via in vivo radiography.

    Conclusions:

    • RME can induce significant external root resorption on anchor teeth, particularly with prolonged retention.
    • The repair process involves cementum deposition but may not restore full periodontal fiber function.
    • Radiographic examination is insufficient for detecting RME-induced root resorption at the microscopic level.