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Simplified method for measuring sex-hormone binding globulin

D I Fattah, T Chard

    Clinical Chemistry
    |July 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    A new, rapid assay accurately measures sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels. This simple method allows for quick analysis of SHBG in serum from men, women, and pregnant individuals.

    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Clinical Chemistry
    • Biochemical Assays

    Background:

    • Accurate measurement of sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG) is crucial for understanding steroid hormone bioavailability.
    • Existing methods for SHBG determination can be time-consuming and complex, limiting high-throughput analysis.
    • Differences in SHBG levels are observed between males, non-pregnant females, and pregnant females, necessitating reliable assays for these distinct populations.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and validate a simple, rapid, and accurate method for quantifying sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG) in human serum.
    • To establish a reliable assay suitable for analyzing samples from diverse physiological states, including pregnancy.
    • To provide a faster alternative to existing SHBG measurement techniques, enabling higher sample throughput.

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    Main Methods:

    • A novel assay utilizing serial dilutions of pregnancy serum in heat-inactivated male serum to create standards.
    • Incubation of standards or unknowns with [3H]-labeled and unlabeled dihydrotestosterone, followed by precipitation of the bound fraction.
    • Quantification of SHBG by plotting percent steroid bound versus standard dilution, enabling extrapolation for unknown samples.

    Main Results:

    • The assay demonstrated good within-assay coefficients of variation (CVs) ranging from 6.56% to 9.59% and between-assay CVs from 8.05% to 11.5%.
    • High correlation was observed between the new method and a traditional technique (r=0.95 for non-pregnant, r=0.73 for pregnant subjects).
    • The method successfully distinguished SHBG levels across sera from men, non-pregnant women, and pregnant women, processing 40-50 samples daily.

    Conclusions:

    • The described method offers a simple, rapid, and accurate approach for measuring sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG).
    • This assay is effective in differentiating SHBG concentrations in various physiological states, including pregnancy.
    • The procedure's speed and simplicity make it suitable for routine clinical and research laboratory use, enhancing diagnostic capabilities.