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Ethanol effects on dopaminergic function: modulation by the endogenous opioid system

M L Barbaccia, A Reggiani, P F Spano

    Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior
    |January 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Ethanol affects dopamine turnover and receptor sensitivity differently in rats and mice, with opioid systems playing a key role in these neurochemical changes. Chronic ethanol exposure leads to dopamine receptor supersensitivity in rats.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Pharmacology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Ethanol's effects on central dopaminergic transmission vary between species.
    • The role of enkephalinergic modulation in ethanol's impact on dopamine systems requires further clarification.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the differential effects of ethanol on dopaminergic transmission in rats and mice.
    • To elucidate the involvement of the enkephalinergic system in mediating ethanol's neurochemical effects.
    • To examine the development of tolerance to ethanol's effects on dopamine turnover.

    Main Methods:

    • Comparative analysis of striatal dopamine turnover and receptor affinity in rats and mice following acute and chronic ethanol exposure.
    • Pharmacological interventions using naloxone in rats.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Investigation of ethanol's effects in DBA/2J mice, known for lacking enkephalinergic modulation.
  • Examination of dopamine turnover in the rat retina.

    • Main Results:

    • Ethanol acutely increases striatal dopamine turnover in rats, an effect that diminishes with chronic exposure.
    • Chronic ethanol treatment leads to enhanced affinity of striatal dopamine recognition sites (supersensitivity).
    • Naloxone pretreatment blocks ethanol-induced increases in striatal dopamine turnover in rats.
    • DBA/2J mice exhibit no changes in dopamine metabolism after acute ethanol, unlike other strains.
    • Tolerance to ethanol's effect on dopamine turnover does not develop in the rat retina.

    Conclusions:

    • The endogenous opioid system significantly modulates ethanol-induced neurochemical and behavioral effects.
    • Enkephalinergic pathways are crucial for mediating ethanol's impact on dopaminergic activity in the striatum.
    • Species-specific differences in opioid system involvement influence ethanol's neurochemical effects.