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Effects of clonidine on sinus node function in man

J Thormann, H Neuss, M Schlepper

    Chest
    |August 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Clonidine can negatively impact sinus node function, especially in patients with pre-existing sinus node disease. Caution is advised when administering clonidine to individuals showing signs of sinus node dysfunction.

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Sympathetic tone-interfering drugs can depress sinus node function.
    • Patients with sinus node disease are particularly susceptible to these effects.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess the effects of intravenous clonidine on sinus node function and atrioventricular conduction.
    • To evaluate clonidine's impact on carotid sinus reflex sensitivity.

    Main Methods:

    • 11 patients with palpitations, vertigo, or syncope received 0.15 mg of intravenous clonidine.
    • Heart rate, sinus node recovery time, carotid sinus pressure slowing, and atrioventricular conduction were measured before and up to 30 minutes post-administration.

    Main Results:

    • Clonidine decreased heart rate by 12% and atrioventricular conduction by 9%.

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  • Maximal sinus node recovery time doubled.
  • Three patients developed de novo hypersensitive carotid sinus reflex; others showed varied responses in carotid sinus pressure slowing.

    • Conclusions:

    • Clonidine administration requires caution in patients with signs of sinus node dysfunction.
    • The drug can exacerbate or unmask sinus node and carotid sinus reflex abnormalities.