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Related Experiment Videos

Urinary catecholamines and amphetamine excretion in hyperactive and normal boys

J L Rapoport, E J Mikkelsen, M H Ebert

    The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease
    |October 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary

    Hyperactive children excrete amphetamine faster than normal children. Stimulant medication affects catecholamine responses differently in hyperactive children, suggesting a sluggish response.

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    The Journal of experimental medicine·2009

    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacology
    • Neuroscience
    • Pediatrics

    Background:

    • Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder.
    • Stimulant medications like dextroamphetamine are frequently prescribed for ADHD.
    • Understanding the metabolic and physiological responses to these medications is crucial.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate urinary catecholamine and amphetamine excretion in hyperactive versus normal boys after dextroamphetamine administration.
    • To explore potential differences in drug metabolism and physiological response to stimulants between these groups.

    Main Methods:

    • A single dose of dextroamphetamine (0.5 mg/kg) or placebo was administered to hyperactive and normal boys.
    • Urinary samples were collected to measure catecholamines (norepinephrine, epinephrine) and amphetamine excretion.

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  • Excretion rates and levels were compared between groups.

    • Main Results:

    • Hyperactive children exhibited a significantly faster rate of amphetamine excretion compared to normal children.
    • Urinary norepinephrine levels were higher in hyperactive children, but did not correlate with activity or arousal.
    • Dextroamphetamine increased urinary epinephrine excretion in normal children, but not in hyperactive children.

    Conclusions:

    • Hyperactive children may metabolize and excrete amphetamines more rapidly.
    • Hyperactive children demonstrate a blunted catecholamine response (epinephrine) to stimulant medication.
    • These findings suggest altered stimulant response mechanisms in hyperkinetic children.