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Related Experiment Videos

Glucose ingestion before and during intense exercise

A Bonen, S A Malcolm, R D Kilgour

    Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental and Exercise Physiology
    |April 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary

    Ingesting glucose during intense exercise prevents blood glucose decrease and enhances metabolism compared to pre-exercise ingestion. This highlights the importance of the pre-exercise insulin environment for sustained glucose uptake during exercise.

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    Area of Science:

    • Exercise Physiology
    • Metabolic Responses

    Background:

    • Muscle and hepatic glycogen depletion are critical factors influencing metabolic responses during intense exercise.
    • Understanding glucose and insulin dynamics is essential for optimizing athletic performance and preventing hypoglycemia.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of glucose ingestion timing (pre-exercise vs. during exercise) on glucose and insulin responses during glycogen-depleted, intense exercise.
    • To compare metabolic outcomes, including blood glucose, lactate, and respiratory exchange ratio, under different glucose supplementation conditions.

    Main Methods:

    • Subjects underwent a 36-44 hour fast and exhaustive exercise to deplete glycogen stores.
    • Four groups were studied: glucose pre-exercise, glucose during exercise, non-exercise control, and no-glucose control.

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  • Blood glucose, insulin, lactate, and respiratory exchange ratio were measured during intense exercise (80% VO2 max).

    • Main Results:

    • Without glucose, blood glucose decreased, while lactate and respiratory exchange ratio remained low during exercise.
    • Ingesting glucose before or during exercise doubled lactate concentrations and increased the respiratory exchange ratio.
    • Pre-exercise glucose ingestion led to a rapid insulin decrease and continued blood glucose decline, unlike during-exercise ingestion.

    Conclusions:

    • Timing of glucose ingestion significantly impacts metabolic responses during intense exercise in glycogen-depleted states.
    • Ingesting glucose during exercise, rather than before, sustains blood glucose levels and avoids marked insulin fluctuations.
    • The pre-exercise insulin environment plays a crucial role in glucose uptake and utilization throughout exercise.