[Bone marrow transplantation--problems, indications, proceeding (author's transl)]

Bone marrow transplantation is a therapeutical procedure which contains various problems. The first part of this paper deals with some of the complications like the extreme susceptibility to infections in the posttransplant period and the graft-versus-host reaction. The different modes of radiation are discussed in addition. The second part deals with the indications for bone marrow transplantation in aplastic anemia and acute leukemia. In the third part the situation in Germany is described. Early contact with one of the four transplant centres is necessary to assure the best therapeutical approach. Finally some ethical problems are discussed.