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Alternative pathway for complement activation triggered by human liver plasma membranes

R Corrocher, G C Falezza, M Casaril

    Hepato-Gastroenterology
    |August 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

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    Liver plasma membranes activate the alternative complement pathway, leading to PNH-like cell lysis. This interaction reduces overall complement activity but spares C4, suggesting a specific role in complement regulation relevant to liver disease.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Hepatology
    • Complement System Biology

    Background:

    • Liver plasma membranes (LPM) are crucial for hepatocyte function.
    • The complement system plays a vital role in immune responses.
    • Understanding complement interactions with liver cells is important for liver disease research.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the interaction between liver plasma membranes and the complement system.
    • To determine the effect of LPM on complement-mediated cell lysis.
    • To elucidate the specific complement pathways activated by LPM.

    Main Methods:

    • Preparation of LPM from normal hepatocytes using sucrose gradient centrifugation.
    • Assays for haemolysis of paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH)-like cells.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Complement component analysis (C4 levels) and C3 breakdown product detection via cross-immunoelectrophoresis.
  • Investigation of the effects of divalent cations (EGTA, Mg2+, Ca2+) and EDTA on complement activity.

    • Main Results:

    • LPM induced haemolysis of PNH-like cells in the presence of complement, enhanced by EGTA or Mg2+ ions, but inhibited by EDTA or Ca2+ ions.
    • Incubation of LPM with fresh serum reduced total complement lytic activity by approximately 40% without altering C4 levels.
    • Cross-immunoelectrophoresis revealed C3 breakdown products, indicating alternative complement pathway activation.
    • LPM inhibited the sucrose test, which primarily involves the classical complement pathway.

    Conclusions:

    • Liver plasma membranes activate the alternative complement pathway.
    • LPM modulate complement activity, potentially through C3 activation, leading to PNH-like cell lysis.
    • The findings suggest a role for complement dysregulation involving LPM in the pathogenesis of liver diseases.