[Acute myelogenous leukaemia after renal transplantation (author's transl)]

7 years after successful renal transplantation pancytopenia developed in a 35 years old patient. After a latency period of 1 year an acute myelogenous leukaemia occurred, which--together with septic complications--caused the patient's death. Renal transplant patients have an increased risk for development of neoplasia. However, acute myelogenous leukaemias have been reported rarely up to this time. Presenting this case, the possible causal connections between transplantation and neoplasia are discussed.