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Pancreatic polypeptide. A review

J Lonovics, P Devitt, L C Watson

    Archives of Surgery (Chicago, Ill. : 1960)
    |October 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Pancreatic polypeptide (PP) is a peptide hormone that regulates pancreatic secretion. Elevated PP levels are observed in diabetics and certain tumor patients, suggesting its potential as a diagnostic marker.

    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Gastroenterology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Pancreatic polypeptide (PP) is a 36-amino acid peptide hormone.
    • PP plays a role in inhibiting pancreatic secretion post-meal.
    • It is produced by islet and acinar cells in the pancreas.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the physiological role of pancreatic polypeptide (PP).
    • To understand the release patterns and regulation of PP.
    • To explore the potential of plasma PP levels as a marker for pancreatic diseases.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of PP release in response to meals, focusing on protein content.
    • Investigation of biphasic release patterns: vagal and hormonal (cholecystokinin) stimulation.
    • Measurement of plasma PP levels in different patient groups, including diabetics and those with suspected tumors.

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    Main Results:

    • PP release exhibits a biphasic pattern: rapid vagal-stimulated release and a prolonged intestinal phase mediated by cholecystokinin.
    • Plasma PP levels naturally increase with age.
    • Elevated plasma PP levels were found in diabetic patients and individuals with certain pancreatic tumors.

    Conclusions:

    • Pancreatic polypeptide is a key regulator of pancreatic secretion.
    • Plasma PP levels show significant alterations in specific clinical conditions like diabetes and pancreatic tumors.
    • Further research is warranted to establish plasma PP as a reliable diagnostic marker for pancreatic pathologies.