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Hormonal changes associated with long distance exercise

D H Snow, R J Rose

    Equine Veterinary Journal
    |July 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Endurance exercise in horses significantly alters hormone levels. Cortisol and catecholamines (adrenaline, noradrenaline) increased, while insulin decreased, indicating physiological stress responses during prolonged activity.

    Area of Science:

    • Equine physiology
    • Endocrinology
    • Exercise science

    Background:

    • Endurance activities induce significant physiological stress in horses.
    • Understanding hormonal responses is crucial for equine welfare and performance.
    • Previous studies have indicated hormonal changes, but comprehensive analysis post-endurance rides is needed.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the alterations in plasma hormone concentrations in horses after an 80 km endurance ride.
    • To correlate specific hormonal changes with physiological responses to prolonged exercise.

    Main Methods:

    • Plasma samples were collected from 17 horses post-80 km endurance ride.
    • Concentrations of cortisol, glucose, insulin, noradrenaline, and adrenaline were measured.

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  • Statistical analysis was performed to determine correlations and significant changes.

    • Main Results:

    • All horses exhibited a marked increase in plasma cortisol levels.
    • Plasma insulin concentrations decreased in all examined horses.
    • A high correlation (r = 0.89) was observed between post-ride glucose and insulin levels.
    • Plasma levels of noradrenaline and adrenaline were significantly elevated post-ride.

    Conclusions:

    • An 80 km endurance ride induces significant endocrine and metabolic stress in horses.
    • Hormonal changes, including elevated cortisol and catecholamines and decreased insulin, reflect the physiological demands of endurance exercise.
    • These findings provide insights into equine stress responses and can inform training and management strategies.