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Related Experiment Videos

Nitrofurantoin pulmonary toxicity

B L Hainer, A A White

    The Journal of Family Practice
    |November 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Nitrofurantoin can cause serious lung damage, including chronic fibrosis, especially in the elderly. Physicians should consider alternative antibiotics and warn patients about potential pulmonary reactions.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pulmonology
    • Pharmacology
    • Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Nitrofurantoin is a common antibiotic for urinary tract infections.
    • Adverse pulmonary reactions to nitrofurantoin can be acute or chronic.
    • These reactions may stem from immunologic or toxic lung injury.

    Observation:

    • An elderly woman developed progressive dyspnea and pulmonary infiltrates after six months of nitrofurantoin therapy.
    • Open-lung biopsy revealed diffuse interstitial fibrosis, indicative of a chronic nitrofurantoin pulmonary reaction.
    • The patient experienced persistent, disabling respiratory illness 10 months post-discontinuation.

    Findings:

    • Nitrofurantoin is associated with a higher incidence of pulmonary adverse reactions than other antimicrobials.

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  • Both acute and chronic forms of nitrofurantoin-induced lung injury can be fatal.
  • Elderly patients with impaired renal function are at increased risk of toxic accumulation.

    • Implications:

    • Healthcare providers must maintain a high index of suspicion for nitrofurantoin pulmonary reactions, especially in the elderly.
    • Alternative antibiotics with better benefit-to-risk profiles should be considered for urinary tract infections.
    • Patients with severe reactions require written warnings to prevent re-exposure and further harm.