Neonatal septicemia in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Area of Science:

• Neonatal Medicine
• Infectious Diseases
• Pediatric Epidemiology

Background:

• Neonatal septicemia poses a significant threat to newborns globally.
• Understanding local epidemiological patterns is crucial for effective intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe the clinical features, predisposing factors, and outcomes of neonatal septicemia in Saudi Arabia.
• To identify common pathogens and their antibiotic sensitivities.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective case series analysis of 29 neonatal septicemia cases.
• Data collection on patient demographics, clinical presentation, predisposing factors, causative organisms, and mortality.

Main Results:

• High incidence of prematurity (45%) and congenital malformations (45%) observed.
• Mortality rate was 45%, primarily associated with severe malformations and late referrals.
• Salmonella enteritidis was identified in 31% of cases; Bacteroides fragilis also reported.
• Limited antibiotic sensitivity to ampicillin was noted.

Conclusions:

• Prematurity and congenital malformations are key risk factors for neonatal septicemia in this region.
• Effective management requires early diagnosis and treatment, addressing underlying malformations.
• Local epidemiological data is vital for guiding antimicrobial stewardship and public health strategies.