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Current concepts in equine degenerative joint disease

C W McIlwraith

    Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
    |February 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    Equine degenerative joint disease involves synovitis and glycosaminoglycan loss, requiring early recognition and treatment. Newer therapies aim to enhance cartilage repair and healing.

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    Area of Science:

    • Equine Medicine
    • Veterinary Orthopedics
    • Joint Pathophysiology

    Background:

    • Equine degenerative joint disease (EDJD) pathogenesis concepts require updates based on new research.
    • Soft tissue changes like synovitis are key factors alongside direct cartilage trauma.
    • Biochemical alterations, including glycosaminoglycan depletion, predispose cartilage to injury.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present current understanding of equine degenerative joint disease pathogenesis.
    • To review diagnostic approaches and treatment strategies for EDJD.
    • To highlight the importance of early detection and intervention in managing EDJD.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of recent experimental and clinical knowledge on equine degenerative joint disease.
    • Analysis of current concepts in pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment.
    • Synthesis of information on established and emerging therapeutic modalities.

    Main Results:

    • Pathogenesis involves synovitis and biochemical cartilage lesions (glycosaminoglycan loss) beyond direct trauma.
    • Early recognition of these changes is crucial for effective management.
    • Established treatments include physical therapy, anti-inflammatory drugs, joint lavage, sodium hyaluronate, and synovectomy.
    • Surgical options like curettage and osteophyte removal are indicated for advanced changes.
    • Research is ongoing for agents that promote cartilage biochemical component synthesis and healing.

    Conclusions:

    • Equine degenerative joint disease pathogenesis is multifactorial, involving soft tissue and biochemical changes.
    • Early diagnosis and intervention are critical for managing EDJD.
    • A range of treatments exist, with ongoing research focused on cartilage regeneration.

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