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Hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis: association with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

H R Schwartz, F C McDuffie, L F Black

    Mayo Clinic Proceedings
    |April 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis patients often have mild kidney issues but can develop severe lung disease. Smoking significantly increases the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in these individuals.

    Area of Science:

    • Rheumatology
    • Nephrology
    • Pulmonology

    Background:

    • Hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis (HUV) is a rare autoimmune condition.
    • Characterized by urticarial lesions, hypocomplementemia, and potential systemic involvement.
    • Diagnostic criteria and disease course require further elucidation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of HUV patients.
    • To identify risk factors for severe complications, particularly pulmonary disease.
    • To refine diagnostic criteria for HUV.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective analysis of 16 HUV patients identified since 1973.
    • Review of clinical data, including skin lesions, complement levels, and organ involvement.

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  • Assessment of risk factors, including smoking history and pulmonary function.

    • Main Results:

    • Preliminary diagnostic criteria established, including skin lesions, low complement, and specific clinical/laboratory findings.
    • Renal involvement was generally mild and responsive to treatment.
    • Eight of ten smokers exhibited chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), with three developing severe COPD at a young age.

    Conclusions:

    • HUV patients typically have benign renal disease.
    • Smoking is a critical risk factor for severe COPD in HUV patients.
    • An unidentified immunologic process interacting with smoking likely contributes to HUV-associated lung disease.