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A new test of peripheral insulin sensitivity in vivo using artificial beta cell

L J Valenta, A N Elias, M Grossman

    Life Sciences
    |March 8, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary

    A new insulin sensitivity test using a closed-loop device (GCIIS) accurately measures peripheral insulin sensitivity in vivo. This reliable method identified insulin resistance in obese and diabetic individuals, showing improvements after interventions.

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    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Metabolic Research
    • Clinical Diagnostics

    Background:

    • Insulin resistance is a key factor in metabolic disorders like obesity and diabetes.
    • Accurate in vivo assessment of insulin sensitivity is crucial for diagnosis and management.
    • Existing methods for measuring insulin sensitivity can be complex or invasive.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce and validate a novel in vivo test for assessing peripheral insulin sensitivity.
    • To evaluate the utility of the Glucose-Controlled Insulin Infusion System (GCIIS) for this purpose.
    • To investigate insulin sensitivity in various patient groups, including obese and diabetic individuals.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a closed-loop insulin delivery device (GCIIS) for automated glucose and insulin infusion.

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  • Maintained euglycemia in patients while administering intravenous glucose challenges.
  • Infused exogenous insulin via GCIIS, with the amount infused serving as a measure of insulin sensitivity.
  • Minimized endogenous insulin release by monitoring serum C-peptide levels.

    • Main Results:

    • The GCIIS-controlled test demonstrated significant insulin resistance in obese and diabetic patients.
    • Two obese females showed increased insulin sensitivity after a period of starvation.
    • Two insulin-dependent diabetics exhibited enhanced insulin sensitivity following 48 hours of euglycemia.

    Conclusions:

    • The GCIIS-controlled insulin sensitivity test is a simple, reliable, and convenient in vivo method.
    • This test is suitable for both clinical and experimental studies of peripheral insulin sensitivity.
    • The findings highlight the test's ability to detect changes in insulin sensitivity under different physiological conditions.