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Structural studies on yeast nucleosomes

K P Lee, H J Baxter, J G Guillemette

    Canadian Journal of Biochemistry
    |March 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Yeast nucleosomes exhibit a less constrained structure and lower stability compared to those from other species. Variations in histone H3 interactions, not H4, are likely responsible for these observed structural differences in yeast chromatin.

    Area of Science:

    • Molecular Biology
    • Biochemistry
    • Chromatin Structure

    Background:

    • Nucleosomes are fundamental units of chromatin, composed of DNA wrapped around histone proteins.
    • Comparative studies of nucleosome structure across different species can reveal evolutionary adaptations and functional differences.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare the compositional and physicochemical properties of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) mononucleosomes with those from chicken and bovine calf.
    • To investigate the structural basis for differences in yeast nucleosome stability and reconstitution capabilities.

    Main Methods:

    • Isolation and purification of mononucleosomes from yeast, chicken, and calf chromatin using micrococcal nuclease digestion.
    • Physicochemical analyses including thermal denaturation profiles and circular dichroism spectroscopy.

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  • Reconstitution experiments using hybrid nucleosomes and analysis of histone-histone interactions in solution.

    • Main Results:

    • Yeast mononucleosomes, while compositionally similar, display less constrained structures indicated by thermal denaturation and circular dichroism.
    • Yeast nucleosomes are unstable in low ionic strength solutions and resist standard reconstitution methods.
    • Hybrid nucleosome reconstitution suggests yeast histone H4 is not responsible for reduced stability; altered H3-H4 interactions are implicated.

    Conclusions:

    • Yeast nucleosomes possess a distinct, less stable structure compared to vertebrate counterparts.
    • Variations in the histone H3 sequence are the likely cause of the observed structural and stability differences in yeast chromatin.