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Infection of the abdominal cavity and chronic peritoneal dialysis
Abstract:
Peritoneal dialyses have been performed in 1072 instances by the manual infusion technique in 16 patients with chronic renal failure, during a period of 2 years. Among the intraabdominal bacterial cultures done before each dialysis, 79 were positive, and peritonitis developed in 7 cases. As related to the total number of dialyses, these figures represent 7.37 and 0.65 per cent, respectively. Local intraabdominal applications has been found to reduce the hazard of peritonitis. Increased frequency of dialyses and combined antibiotic therapy proved curative to peritonitis. The results of the bacterial cultures indicate that in case of intraabdominal infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, acetate-containing dialysing fluids should be given preference.
Insights
Manual peritoneal dialysis in chronic renal failure patients showed a low peritonitis rate. Local applications reduced infection risk, while increased dialysis frequency and antibiotics cured peritonitis.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Chronic renal failure (CRF) necessitates renal replacement therapy.
- Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a common treatment modality for CRF.
- Manual infusion technique for PD carries a risk of infectious complications, notably peritonitis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the incidence of peritonitis in patients undergoing manual peritoneal dialysis.
- To identify factors influencing peritonitis development and outcomes.
- To provide recommendations for managing and preventing peritonitis in PD patients.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective analysis of 1072 manual peritoneal dialysis instances over 2 years in 16 CRF patients.
- Intra-abdominal bacterial cultures were performed before each dialysis.
- Peritonitis cases were documented and analyzed.
Main Results:
- A total of 79 positive bacterial cultures (7.37%) and 7 cases of peritonitis (0.65%) were observed.
- Local intra-abdominal applications were associated with a reduced risk of peritonitis.
- Increased dialysis frequency and combined antibiotic therapy were effective in curing peritonitis.
Conclusions:
- Manual PD can be performed with a manageable peritonitis risk.
- Proactive measures like local applications and optimized dialysis protocols are crucial for infection prevention.
- Acetate-containing dialysates are recommended for PD patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections.