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[Prediabetes: its pathogenetic nature and diagnosis]

A S Efimov

    Problemy Endokrinologii
    |September 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary

    Early detection of prediabetes is possible by monitoring microcirculation changes alongside metabolic shifts in individuals with a family history of diabetes. These sensitive methods can identify risks even with normal glucose tolerance tests.

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    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Cardiovascular Physiology
    • Metabolic Research

    Background:

    • Prediabetes diagnosis requires methods for individuals with a predisposition to diabetes.
    • Cardiovascular system, particularly microcirculation, may show early changes.
    • Metabolic shifts, including lipid metabolism, are associated with glucose intolerance.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • Investigate methods for prediabetes diagnosis in relatives of diabetic patients.
    • Assess the role of microcirculation changes in prediabetes development.
    • Correlate microcirculatory and metabolic alterations with glucose tolerance status.

    Main Methods:

    • Investigated 186 close relatives of diabetic patients.
    • Measured nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) and immunoreactive insulin (IRI) response to glucose load.
    • Evaluated cardiovascular system, focusing on microcirculation using capillaroscopy, conjunctival biomicroscopy, rheovasography, and muscle circulation studies.
    • Utilized cytochemical blood cell analysis and electron microscopy in select cases.

    Main Results:

    • Changes in the microcirculation system often preceded abnormal glucose tolerance tests.
    • Sensitive microcirculation investigation methods identified alterations.
    • Metabolic shifts in lipid metabolism and microcirculatory changes were observed in one-third of relatives with normal glucose tolerance tests.

    Conclusions:

    • Microcirculation assessment is a sensitive method for prediabetes detection in high-risk individuals.
    • Early detection of prediabetes is feasible through combined metabolic and microcirculatory monitoring.
    • Identifying individuals with normal glucose tolerance but altered microcirculation and metabolism is crucial for timely intervention.

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