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Chest physiotherapy: a review

P P Sutton, D Pavia, J R Bateman

    European Journal of Respiratory Diseases
    |May 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Chest physiotherapy techniques like postural drainage can improve airway clearance in specific conditions. However, evidence for percussion, vibration, and breathing exercises offers limited long-term benefits for pulmonary function.

    Area of Science:

    • Pulmonary Medicine
    • Respiratory Therapy
    • Critical Care

    Background:

    • Chest physiotherapy encompasses various techniques aimed at improving airway clearance and pulmonary function.
    • Conditions with excessive tracheobronchial secretions may benefit from specific interventions.
    • The efficacy of different physiotherapy modalities requires careful evaluation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the effectiveness of chest physiotherapy techniques in managing respiratory conditions.
    • To determine the impact of postural drainage, percussion, vibration, and breathing exercises on sputum production and pulmonary function.
    • To assess the role of physiotherapy in chronic bronchitis, asthma, pneumonia, and post-operative states.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of evidence on postural drainage, percussion, vibration, and breathing exercises.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of radioaerosol studies to understand cough effectiveness.
  • Evaluation of intermittent positive pressure breathing (IPPB) for bronchodilator delivery and long-term treatment.

    • Main Results:

    • Postural drainage enhances mucociliary clearance and increases sputum volume in diseases with excessive secretions.
    • Percussion and vibration do not evidence increased sputum yield; their benefit is limited to patients with large sputum volumes.
    • Breathing exercises show limited immediate value in asthma without long-term advantages; IPPB offers no long-term benefit in chronic bronchitis.

    Conclusions:

    • Chest physiotherapy is indicated for conditions with copious sputum; not for uncomplicated pneumonia or routine post-operative care.
    • The value of regular physiotherapy for ventilation, gas exchange, and infection incidence remains uncertain.
    • Exercise training and rehabilitation improve exercise tolerance and mobility in chronic obstructive airways disease.