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The Clara cell

J G Widdicombe, R J Pack

    European Journal of Respiratory Diseases
    |May 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Clara cells, found in mammalian airways, secrete substances that may act as a bronchiolar surfactant. These cells also contain enzymes for detoxification and play a role in lung diseases.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pulmonary Biology
    • Cell Biology
    • Respiratory Medicine

    Background:

    • Clara cells are nonciliated bronchiolar secretory cells in mammalian airways.
    • Their ultrastructure suggests a secretory function, including protein, glycoprotein, and lipid production.
    • These cells are implicated in airway homeostasis and disease.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To describe the ultrastructure and presumed secretory functions of Clara cells.
    • To investigate the role of Clara cells in airway surfactant properties and detoxification.
    • To explore the potential involvement of Clara cells in human respiratory diseases.

    Main Methods:

    • Ultrastructural analysis of Clara cells.
    • Biochemical characterization of Clara cell secretions (inferred).

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  • Review of literature on Clara cell function and disease association.

    • Main Results:

    • Clara cells possess abundant smooth endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and secretory vesicles.
    • Secretions may function as a bronchiolar surfactant, potentially limiting lung collapse.
    • Clara cells contain cytochrome P450-dependent oxidases, suggesting a detoxification role.

    Conclusions:

    • Clara cells are crucial for maintaining the physical and chemical properties of small airway linings.
    • Their secretory and metabolic functions are vital for lung health.
    • Clara cells are implicated in the pathogenesis of lung tumors and metaplastic changes in bronchiolar disease.